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As almost all unicycles are ungeared, crank length is a major factor in determining how much force is transmitted to the wheel. Unicycle cranks vary in length to accommodate different unicycle wheel sizes, and different unicycling disciplines. Cranks can be shortened for medical reasons using shorteners such as Ortho Pedal.
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Some have suggested that proportionally shorter cranks may have a slight advantage for a rider with a very low torso position and an acute hip angle, especially as the rider pedals near the top-dead-center position of the pedal stroke.
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However, the evolution of very low rider torso positions to reduce aerodynamic drag for time trial racing and triathlon cycling can also affect crank selection for such events. Historically, bicycle riders have typically chosen proportionally shorter cranks for higher cadence cycling such as criterium and track racing, while riders have chosen proportionally longer cranks for lower cadence cycling such as time trial racing and mountain biking. In addition to the rider's size, another factor affecting the selection of crank length is the rider's cycling specialty and the type of cycling event. Several different formulas exist to calculate appropriate crank length for various riders. Cyclists are typically more efficient pedalling cranks with which they have had an adaptation period. Bicycle crank length has not been easy to study scientifically for a number of reasons, chief among them being that cyclists are able to physiologically adapt to different crank lengths. However, very few scientific studies have definitively examined the effect of crank length on sustained cycling performance and the studies' results have been mixed. While logic would suggest that, all other things being equal, riders with shorter legs should use proportionally shorter cranks and those with longer legs should use proportionally longer cranks, this is not universally accepted. Some manufacturers also make bicycle cranks that can be adjusted to different lengths. A few small specialty manufacturers make bicycle cranks in a number of sizes smaller than 165 mm and longer than 180 mm. The larger bicycle component manufacturers typically offer crank lengths for adult riders from 165 mm to 180 mm long in 2.5 mm increments, with 170 mm cranks being the most common size. Crank length is measured from the center of the pedal spindle to the center of the bottom bracket spindle or axle. Remember, you can find the hottest mountain bike parts, accessories and clothing at discount prices here at BlueSk圜 cranks can vary in length to accommodate different sized riders and different types of cycling.
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